"""
protocol.py - Protocol Handler for cAPI Auth.

Copyright (c) EDCD, All Rights Reserved
Licensed under the GNU General Public License v2 or later.
See LICENSE file.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import os
import sys
import threading
from urllib import parse
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
from config import config
from constants import appname, protocolhandler_redirect
from EDMCLogging import get_main_logger

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    import tkinter

logger = get_main_logger()

is_wine = False

if sys.platform == "win32":
    is_wine = bool(os.getenv("WINEPREFIX"))


class GenericProtocolHandler:
    """Base Protocol Handler."""

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.redirect = protocolhandler_redirect  # Base redirection URL
        self.master: tkinter.Tk = None  # type: ignore
        self.lastpayload: str | None = None

    def start(self, master: tkinter.Tk) -> None:
        """Start Protocol Handler."""
        self.master = master

    def close(self) -> None:
        """Stop / Close Protocol Handler."""

    def event(self, url: str) -> None:
        """Generate an auth event."""
        self.lastpayload = url

        logger.trace_if("frontier-auth", f"Payload: {self.lastpayload}")
        if not config.shutting_down:
            logger.debug('event_generate("<<CompanionAuthEvent>>")')
            self.master.event_generate("<<CompanionAuthEvent>>", when="tail")


if config.auth_force_edmc_protocol or (  # noqa: C901
    sys.platform == "win32"
    and getattr(sys, "frozen", False)
    and not is_wine
    and not config.auth_force_localserver
):
    # This could be false if you use auth_force_edmc_protocol, but then you get to keep the pieces
    if sys.platform != "win32":
        raise OSError("This code is for Windows only.")
    # spell-checker: words HBRUSH HICON WPARAM wstring WNDCLASS HMENU HGLOBAL
    from ctypes import (  # type: ignore
        windll,
        POINTER,
        WINFUNCTYPE,
        Structure,
        byref,
        c_long,
        c_void_p,
        create_unicode_buffer,
        wstring_at,
    )
    from ctypes.wintypes import (
        ATOM,
        BOOL,
        HBRUSH,
        HGLOBAL,
        HICON,
        HINSTANCE,
        HWND,
        INT,
        LPARAM,
        LPCWSTR,
        LPMSG,
        LPVOID,
        LPWSTR,
        MSG,
        UINT,
        WPARAM,
    )
    import win32gui
    import win32api
    import win32con

    class WNDCLASS(Structure):
        """
        A WNDCLASS structure.

        Ref: <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/ns-winuser-wndclassa>
             <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/intl/registering-window-classes>
        """

        _fields_ = [
            ("style", UINT),
            ("lpfnWndProc", WINFUNCTYPE(c_long, HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)),
            ("cbClsExtra", INT),
            ("cbWndExtra", INT),
            ("hInstance", HINSTANCE),
            ("hIcon", HICON),
            ("hCursor", c_void_p),
            ("hbrBackground", HBRUSH),
            ("lpszMenuName", LPCWSTR),
            ("lpszClassName", LPCWSTR),
        ]

    CW_USEDEFAULT = 0x80000000

    RegisterClassW = windll.user32.RegisterClassW
    RegisterClassW.argtypes = [POINTER(WNDCLASS)]

    # <https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-getmessagew>
    # NB: Despite 'BOOL' return type, it *can* be >0, 0 or -1, so is actually
    #     c_long
    prototype = WINFUNCTYPE(c_long, LPMSG, HWND, UINT, UINT)
    paramflags = (1, "lpMsg"), (1, "hWnd"), (1, "wMsgFilterMin"), (1, "wMsgFilterMax")
    GetMessageW = prototype(("GetMessageW", windll.user32), paramflags)

    TranslateMessage = windll.user32.TranslateMessage
    DispatchMessageW = windll.user32.DispatchMessageW
    SendMessageW = windll.user32.SendMessageW
    SendMessageW.argtypes = [HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM]
    PostMessageW = windll.user32.PostMessageW
    PostMessageW.argtypes = [HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM]

    WM_QUIT = 0x0012
    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dataxchg/wm-dde-initiate
    WM_DDE_INITIATE = 0x03E0
    WM_DDE_TERMINATE = 0x03E1
    WM_DDE_ACK = 0x03E4
    WM_DDE_EXECUTE = 0x03E8

    PackDDElParam = windll.user32.PackDDElParam
    PackDDElParam.argtypes = [UINT, LPARAM, LPARAM]

    GlobalAddAtomW = windll.kernel32.GlobalAddAtomW
    GlobalAddAtomW.argtypes = [LPWSTR]
    GlobalAddAtomW.restype = ATOM
    GlobalGetAtomNameW = windll.kernel32.GlobalGetAtomNameW
    GlobalGetAtomNameW.argtypes = [ATOM, LPWSTR, INT]
    GlobalGetAtomNameW.restype = UINT
    GlobalLock = windll.kernel32.GlobalLock
    GlobalLock.argtypes = [HGLOBAL]
    GlobalLock.restype = LPVOID
    GlobalUnlock = windll.kernel32.GlobalUnlock
    GlobalUnlock.argtypes = [HGLOBAL]
    GlobalUnlock.restype = BOOL
    GlobalFree = windll.kernel32.GlobalFree
    GlobalFree.argtypes = [HGLOBAL]
    GlobalFree.restype = HGLOBAL

    # Windows Message handler stuff (IPC)
    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/desktop/legacy/ms633573(v=vs.85)
    @WINFUNCTYPE(c_long, HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
    def WndProc(hwnd: HWND, message: UINT, wParam: WPARAM, lParam: LPARAM) -> int:  # noqa: N803 N802
        """
        Windows message procedure for handling DDE requests.

        This routine responds to WM_DDE_INITIATE messages for the application's
        DDE service (the app name) and topic ("System"). It sends an ACK if the
        incoming atoms match the expected values.

        Returns int due to Python 3.11+ CTYPES Callback - decorator changes to c_long
        """
        try:
            if message != WM_DDE_INITIATE:
                # Let Windows handle all other messages normally
                return win32gui.DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam)

            # --- Decode the 64-bit lParam into LOWORD/HIWORD safely ---
            # These helper functions handle pointer-sized values correctly on 64-bit builds
            lparam_low = win32api.LOWORD(lParam)
            lparam_high = win32api.HIWORD(lParam)

            service = create_unicode_buffer(256)
            topic = create_unicode_buffer(256)

            # --- Retrieve atom names ---
            target_is_valid = lparam_low == 0 or (
                GlobalGetAtomNameW(lparam_low, service, 256)
                and service.value == appname
            )

            topic_is_valid = lparam_high == 0 or (
                GlobalGetAtomNameW(lparam_high, topic, 256)
                and topic.value.lower() == "system"
            )

            if target_is_valid and topic_is_valid:
                # Send acknowledgment of successful DDE handshake
                SendMessageW(
                    wParam,
                    WM_DDE_ACK,
                    hwnd,
                    PackDDElParam(
                        WM_DDE_ACK, GlobalAddAtomW(appname), GlobalAddAtomW("System")
                    ),
                )
                return 0  # Success

            return 1  # Not handled / invalid DDE initiation

        except Exception as e:
            # Log unexpected exceptions but don’t crash the message loop
            logger.error(f"WndProc error: {e}", exc_info=True)
            return win32gui.DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam)

    class WindowsProtocolHandler(GenericProtocolHandler):
        """
        Windows implementation of GenericProtocolHandler.

        This works by using windows Dynamic Data Exchange to pass messages between processes
        https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Data_Exchange
        """

        def __init__(self) -> None:
            super().__init__()
            self.thread: threading.Thread | None = None

        def start(self, master: tkinter.Tk) -> None:
            """Start the DDE thread."""
            super().start(master)
            self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self.worker, name="DDE worker")
            self.thread.daemon = True
            self.thread.start()

        def close(self) -> None:
            """Stop the DDE thread."""
            thread = self.thread
            if thread:
                self.thread = None
                win32gui.PostThreadMessage(thread.ident, WM_QUIT, 0, 0)
                thread.join()  # Wait for it to quit

        def worker(self) -> None:
            """Start a DDE server."""
            wndclass = WNDCLASS()
            wndclass.style = 0
            wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc
            wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0
            wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0
            wndclass.hInstance = win32api.GetModuleHandle(None)
            wndclass.hIcon = None
            wndclass.hCursor = None
            wndclass.hbrBackground = None
            wndclass.lpszMenuName = None
            wndclass.lpszClassName = "DDEServer"

            if not RegisterClassW(byref(wndclass)):
                print("Failed to register Dynamic Data Exchange for cAPI")
                return

            # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-createwindowexw
            hwnd = win32gui.CreateWindowEx(
                0,  # dwExStyle
                "DDEServer",  # lpClassName (use string directly as win32gui expects it)
                "DDE Server",  # lpWindowName
                0,  # dwStyle
                win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT,
                win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT,
                win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT,
                win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT,  # X, Y, nWidth, nHeight
                self.master.winfo_id(),  # hWndParent
                0,  # hMenu (use 0 instead of None for win32gui)
                wndclass.hInstance,  # hInstance
                None,  # lpParam
            )

            msg = MSG()
            while GetMessageW(byref(msg), None, 0, 0) != 0:
                logger.trace_if(
                    "frontier-auth.windows", f"DDE message of type: {msg.message}"
                )
                if msg.message == WM_DDE_EXECUTE:
                    # GlobalLock does some sort of "please dont move this?"
                    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/nf-winbase-globallock
                    args = wstring_at(GlobalLock(msg.lParam)).strip()
                    GlobalUnlock(msg.lParam)  # Unlocks the GlobalLock-ed object
                    GlobalFree(msg.lParam)

                    if args.lower().startswith('open("') and args.endswith('")'):
                        logger.trace_if("frontier-auth.windows", f"args are: {args}")
                        url = parse.unquote(args[6:-2]).strip()
                        if url.startswith(self.redirect):
                            logger.debug(f"Message starts with {self.redirect}")
                            self.event(url)

                        # Send back a WM_DDE_ACK. this is _required_ with WM_DDE_EXECUTE
                        win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(
                            win32gui.GetParent(self.master.winfo_id())
                        )
                        PostMessageW(
                            msg.wParam,
                            WM_DDE_ACK,
                            hwnd,
                            PackDDElParam(WM_DDE_ACK, 0x80, msg.lParam),
                        )

                    else:
                        # Send back a WM_DDE_ACK. this is _required_ with WM_DDE_EXECUTE
                        PostMessageW(
                            msg.wParam,
                            WM_DDE_ACK,
                            hwnd,
                            PackDDElParam(WM_DDE_ACK, 0, msg.lParam),
                        )

                elif msg.message == WM_DDE_TERMINATE:
                    win32gui.PostMessage(msg.wParam, WM_DDE_TERMINATE, hwnd, 0)

                else:
                    TranslateMessage(
                        byref(msg)
                    )  # "Translates virtual key messages into character messages" ???
                    DispatchMessageW(byref(msg))

else:  # Linux / Run from source

    from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer

    class LinuxProtocolHandler(GenericProtocolHandler):
        """
        Implementation of GenericProtocolHandler.

        This implementation uses a localhost HTTP server
        """

        def __init__(self) -> None:
            super().__init__()
            self.httpd = ThreadingHTTPServer(("localhost", 0), HTTPRequestHandler)
            self.redirect = f"http://localhost:{self.httpd.server_port}/auth"
            if not os.getenv("EDMC_NO_UI"):
                logger.info(f"Web server listening on {self.redirect}")

            self.thread: threading.Thread | None = None

        def start(self, master: tkinter.Tk) -> None:
            """Start the HTTP server thread."""
            GenericProtocolHandler.start(self, master)
            self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self.worker, name="OAuth worker")
            self.thread.daemon = True
            self.thread.start()

        def close(self) -> None:
            """Shutdown the HTTP server thread."""
            thread = self.thread
            if thread:
                logger.debug("Thread")
                self.thread = None

                if self.httpd:
                    logger.info("Shutting down httpd")
                    self.httpd.shutdown()

                logger.info("Joining thread")
                thread.join()  # Wait for it to quit

            else:
                logger.debug("No thread")

            logger.debug("Done.")

        def worker(self) -> None:
            """HTTP Worker."""
            # TODO: This should probably be more ephemeral, and only handle one request, as its all we're expecting
            self.httpd.serve_forever()

    class HTTPRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
        """Simple HTTP server to handle IPC from protocol handler."""

        AUTH_RESPONSE_HTML = """\
        <html>
        <head>
        <title>Authentication successful - Elite: Dangerous</title>
        <style>
        body { background-color: #000; color: #fff; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; }
        h1 { text-align: center; margin-top: 100px; }
        p { text-align: center; }
        </style>
        </head>
        <body>
        <h1>Authentication successful</h1>
        <p>Thank you for authenticating.</p>
        <p>Please close this browser tab now.</p>
        </body>
        </html>
        """

        def parse(self) -> bool:
            """Parse a request."""
            logger.trace_if("frontier-auth.http", f"Got message on path: {self.path}")
            url = parse.unquote(self.path)
            if url.startswith("/auth"):
                logger.debug(
                    "Request starts with /auth, sending to protocolhandler.event()"
                )
                protocolhandler.event(url)
                self.send_response(200)
                return True
            self.send_response(404)  # Not found
            return False

        def do_HEAD(self) -> None:  # noqa: N802 # Required to override
            """Handle HEAD Request."""
            self.parse()
            self.end_headers()

        def do_GET(self) -> None:  # noqa: N802 # Required to override
            """Handle GET Request."""
            if self.parse():
                self.send_header("Content-Type", "text/html")
                self.end_headers()
                self.wfile.write(self.AUTH_RESPONSE_HTML.encode())
            else:
                self.send_response(404)
                self.end_headers()

        def log_request(self, code: int | str = "-", size: int | str = "-") -> None:
            """Override to prevent logging."""


def get_handler_impl() -> type[GenericProtocolHandler]:
    """
    Get the appropriate GenericProtocolHandler for the current system and config.

    :return: An instantiatable GenericProtocolHandler
    """
    if (sys.platform == "win32" and config.auth_force_edmc_protocol) or (
        getattr(sys, "frozen", False)
        and not is_wine
        and not config.auth_force_localserver
    ):
        return WindowsProtocolHandler

    return LinuxProtocolHandler


# *late init* singleton
protocolhandler: GenericProtocolHandler = None  # type: ignore