6e8fb5aa0d
This option uses XDG_SEAT to determine the current seat. If this is NULL, we fall back to "seat0". Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@googlemail.com>
623 lines
25 KiB
XML
623 lines
25 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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Written 2012 by David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@googlemail.com>
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Dedicated to the Public Domain
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-->
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<refentry id="kmscon">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>kmscon</title>
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<productname>kmscon</productname>
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<date>December 2012</date>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>David</firstname>
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<surname>Herrmann</surname>
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<email>dh.herrmann@googlemail.com</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>kmscon</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>kmscon</refname>
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<refpurpose>KMS/DRM based System Console</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>kmscon <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg></command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>kmscon -l <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> -- /bin/login <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">/bin/login-OPTIONS</arg></command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>kmscon is a KMS/DRM-based system console with an integrated terminal
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emulator for linux operating systems. It was designed as a replacement
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for the linux kernel console and virtual terminals.</para>
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<para>When run in default mode, kmscon allocates a virtual terminal and
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provides a terminal emulator on it. It can thus be used as replacement
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for the linux console and
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>agetty</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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on virtual terminals.
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Compared to the linux console, kmscon provides a rich set of enhanced
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features including full internationalized keyboard support, full UTF-8
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input/font support, hardware-accelerated rendering, multi-seat
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support and more.</para>
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<para>When run in listener mode, kmscon watches the system for new seats and
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automatically provides a system console on it.</para>
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<para>Default configuration directory is <filename>/etc/kmscon/</filename>
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and the main configuration file is called
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<filename>/etc/kmscon/kmscon.conf</filename>. You can provide an
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additional configuration file for each seat via
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<filename>/etc/kmscon/{seatname}.kmscon.conf</filename>.
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Any command-line option that can be passed to kmscon can also be put
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into those configuration files. Command-line options overwrite
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configuration file options. And per-seat configuration files overwrite
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the global configuration file.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>Boolean options take no arguments. If the default value is true, then
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you can disable the option by prefixing it with
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<emphasis>no-</emphasis>.</para>
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<para>General Options:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-h</option></term>
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<term><option>--help</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Prints a short help text and exits. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-v</option></term>
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<term><option>--verbose</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Be more verbose. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--debug</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Print debug messages. Works only if kmscon was compiled with
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debug mode enabled. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--silent</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Suppress notices and warnings. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--configdir {/path/to/config/dir/}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Specify path to config directory. (default: /etc/kmscon/)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--listen</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Run kmscon in listen-mode. See section below for more
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information. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Seat Options:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--vt {/path/to/vt}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Use this VT. If not specified, kmscon tries to find a VT by
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itself. On seats without VTs, kmscon simply activates itself
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automatically without using any VT. Please note that you cannot
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use this option if kmscon runs on multiple seats
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(see <option>--seats</option>). To avoid this, specify this
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option in a seat configuration
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<filename>/etc/kmscon/{seat}.kmscon.conf</filename>.</para>
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<para>You must not run multiple applications on a single VT,
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otherwise, you might get an unresponsive system. Also note, by
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default, kmscon tries to use it's controlling terminal as VT and
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if that fails, it tries to allocate a new unused VT.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--switchvt</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If kmscon is started on a VT that is currently not active, this
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option makes kmscon activate this VT during startup. The same
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way, during shutdown kmscon will reactivate the VT that was
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previously active. (default: on)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--seats {list,of,seats}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>List of seats kmscon will run on. Use 'all' to make kmscon run
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on all seats. Use 'all,' to make kmscon run on a seat called
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'all' (empty entries are ignored). Use 'current' to make kmscon
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run on the current seat. (default: "current")</para>
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<para>If kmscon runs on multiple seats, all seats are independent of
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each other. You can either run a different kmscon process on
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ecah seat or make a single kmscon process run on multiple seats.
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In the latter case, global state can be shared to reduce memory
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consumption (like glyph-caches).</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Session Options:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--session-max {num}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Change the maximum number of sessions that are allowed on each
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seat. Use '0' for no limit. (default: 50)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--session-control</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Allow keyboard-shortcuts to control the session manager. This
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allows the use to create new sessions, kill sessions and switch
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sessions via keyboard input. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--terminal-session</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Start a terminal session after setup is done.
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(default: on)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--cdev-session</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Start cdev-VT-emulation session after setup is done. This is
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limited to
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<option>--listen</option> mode. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Terminal Options:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-l</option></term>
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<term><option>--login</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Specify the application that is started on new terminal
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sessions. This takes no argument but instead everything left
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after all options have been parsed is used as argument to this
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option. Note that nothing after two dashes <option>--</option>
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is parsed as regular option by kmscon.
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(default: /bin/login)</para>
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<para>This example starts '/bin/bash -i' on each new terminal session:
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./kmscon --login --debug --no-switchvt -- /bin/bash -i</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-t {term}</option></term>
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<term><option>--term {term}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This changes the <varname>$TERM</varname> environment variable
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that is set on new terminal sessions.
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(default: xterm-256color)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--palette {name}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Change the default color-palette. This shouldn't be used
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anymore. Dynamic color palettes should be implemented
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instead.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--sb-size {size}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Maximum scrollback-buffer line count. (default: 1000)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Input Options:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xkb-model {model}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Keyboard model. This should normally not be changed.
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(default: {xkb default})</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xkb-layout {layout}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Keyboard layout. (default: {xkb default})</para>
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<para>German keyboard example: --xkb-layout=de</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xkb-variant {variant}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Keyboard variant. (default: {xkb default})</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xkb-options {options}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Keyboard options. (default: {xkb default})</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xkb-repeat-delay {delay}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Delay after key was pressed until key-repeat starts (in
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milliseconds). (default: 250)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--xkb-repeat-rate {rate}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Time between two key-repeats (in milliseconds).
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(default: 50)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Grabs / Keyboard-Shortcuts:</para>
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<para>All keyboard shortcuts (here: grabs) in kmscon can be modified with
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these options. The argument to such an option is a list of
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comma-separated
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keyboard-shortcuts that should trigger the specified action. To
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disable a shortcut, pass an empty argument (empty list). A keyboard
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shortcut exists of a list of modifiers followed by a single key. All
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modifiers must be down when the key is pressed for the shortcut to be
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detected. A modifier is sorrounded by '<' and '>' (like
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'<shift>'). A key is the name of a keysym (like 'a' or
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'Return'). Keysyms are case-sensitive and kmscon will suggest a keysym
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name if you entered a wrong case. However, kmscon can not always guess
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the right case as lower-case-only keysyms are ambiguous.</para>
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<para>If a key generates multiple keysyms in your keyboard layout, you can
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match these keys by concatenating the keysyms with a '+' (like
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'H+E+L+L+O'). This does not mean that all the listed keys must be
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pressed! It's rather a way to match multi-keysym keys.</para>
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<para>Valid modifiers are: Shift, Control/Ctrl, Alt, Logo (Windows/Apple
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key)</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-scroll-up {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Scroll up in scrollback buffer by one line.
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(default: <Shift>Up)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-scroll-down {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Scroll down in scrollback buffer by one line.
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(default: <Shift>Down)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-page-up {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Scroll up in scrollback buffer by one page.
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(default: <Shift>Prior/PageUp)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-page-down {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Scroll down in scrollback buffer by one page.
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(default: <Shift>Next/PageDown)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-session-next {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Switch to next session.
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(default: <Ctrl><Logo>Right)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-session-prev {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Switch to previous session.
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(default: <Ctrl><Logo>Left)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-session-dummy {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Switch to dummy session (black screen).
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(default: <Ctrl><Logo>Escape)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-session-close {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Close current session (press twice to kill it).
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(default: <Ctrl><Logo>BackSpace)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--grab-terminal-new {grab}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Create new terminal session next to current session.
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(default: <Ctrl><Logo>Return)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Video Options:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--drm</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Use DRM devices as display devices, too. fbdev devices are
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always used, but DRM devices are only used if this option is on.
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(default: on)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--hwaccel</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Use 3D hardware acceleration. Note that this should be used in
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conjunction with <option>--drm</option>. On newer hardware, this
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can speed up rendering by multiple orders of magnitude. However,
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on older hardware this might even slow down rendering speed.
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(default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--gpus {all,aux,primary}</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>GPU selection algorithm. If 'all' then all found GPUs are used.
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If 'aux' then primary and auxiliary GPUs are used. If 'primary'
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then only primary GPUs are used. Primary GPUs are the default
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GPU on a seat. There is always only one primary GPU on a seat.
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Auxiliary GPUs are hotpluggable GPUs that provide additional
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independent displays. (default: all)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--render-engine {engine}</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
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<para>Select console render engine. Available engines are 'bblit',
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'bbulk' and 'gltex'. (default: detect by GPU type)</para>
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--render-timing</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
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<para>Display timing information of the render engines. This should
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only be used to debug render engines. (default: off)</para>
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
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|
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<para>Font Options:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--font-engine {engine}</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Select font-engine. Available engines are 'pango', 'freetype2',
|
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'unifont' and '8x16'. (default: pango)</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--font-size {points}</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Font size in points. (default: 15)</para>
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--font-name {name}</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Font name. (default: monospace)</para>
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--font-dpi {dpi}</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>DPI used for font-rendering. Per monitor DPI values overwrite
|
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this global default. (default: 96)</para>
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Default Mode</title>
|
|
<para>In default mode, kmscon acts as a replacement for
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>agetty</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
kmscon opens a virtual terminal and
|
|
provides a system console on it. It replaces the linux-console on this
|
|
VT. You can select the virtual terminal
|
|
via the <option>--vt</option> option. kmscon will seamlessly integrate
|
|
into existing setups so you can use X, Wayland or any other Graphics
|
|
Systems simultaneously. You can even use the linux-console on all the
|
|
other virtual terminals.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>By default, kmscon runs on
|
|
<emphasis>seat0</emphasis> but you can change the seat via the
|
|
<option>--seats</option> option. For seats without virtual terminals,
|
|
kmscon will automatically activate itself and run exclusively on that
|
|
seat. If the virtual terminal or the seat that kmscon
|
|
runs on is gone, kmscon will automatically exit. See the
|
|
<emphasis>Listener-Mode</emphasis> to avoid this.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>kmscon spawns
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
on each new terminal. After a session exits, kmscon automatically
|
|
respawns the next session. You can change the program that is spawned
|
|
with the <option>--login</option> option. To stop kmscon, send SIGTERM
|
|
to the kmscon process.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Keyboard input is done by <emphasis>libxkbcommon</emphasis>. This
|
|
provides the same features as the X11 Keyboard System but without any
|
|
dependencies on X11 libraries. See the
|
|
<emphasis>--xkb-{option}</emphasis> options for ways to change the
|
|
keyboard layout, model, repeat rates and more. For instance
|
|
<option>--xkb-layout=de</option> changes the keyboard layout to
|
|
German.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>kmscon uses KMS/DRM to access graphics devices (like the X-Server
|
|
does). Compared to the linux console this allows kmscon to provide
|
|
much better font-rendering and enhanced monitor control. However, for
|
|
backwards compatibility, kmscon can also use fbdev devices.
|
|
Hotpluggable graphics devices are marked as auxiliary devices, primary
|
|
GPUs on a seat are marked as primary. Other GPUs stay unmarked. By
|
|
default kmscon uses all graphics devices but you can make it use only
|
|
primary or auxiliary devices with the <option>--gpus</option>
|
|
option.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Listener Mode</title>
|
|
<para>If started in listen-mode (<option>--listen</option>) kmscon will run
|
|
as system daemon and provide a system console on each seat that shows
|
|
up if that seat does not have virtual terminals. On seats with virtual
|
|
terminals you should run kmscon in default mode.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Several options are exclusively limited to listen-mode, other than
|
|
these, kmscon behaves the same way as in default-mode.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Sessions</title>
|
|
<para>If kmscon is active on a seat, the internal session-manager is woken
|
|
up. At most times, only the terminal-session is active, but kmscon can
|
|
also support any other session type. You can switch between sessions
|
|
with keyboard-shortcuts and you can create/destroy sessions during
|
|
runtime.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Dummy sessions simply show a black screen and are used if no other
|
|
session is available. Otherwise, dummy sessions are hidden from the
|
|
user so they cannot switch to it.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Terminal sessions provide a terminal emulator. They are the main
|
|
session type and provide all the terminal-emulation
|
|
functionality.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>CDev sessions provide a way to hook-up external applications as kmscon
|
|
sessions. They provide fake virtual terminals on seats that don't have
|
|
them so you can switch between multiple graphics applications/servers
|
|
without needing VTs. See <emphasis>Virtual Terminals</emphasis>
|
|
below.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Virtual Terminals</title>
|
|
<para>Historically, linux provides virtual terminals (VT) only on seat
|
|
<emphasis>seat0</emphasis>. This is because only one VT can be active
|
|
at a time but in multi-seat environments you want multiple active VTs,
|
|
one per seat. It is easy to run kmscon on seat0 on a VT, however, if
|
|
you want to run kmscon on another seat, there are no VTs. This means,
|
|
you can only run one application that uses graphics devices on these
|
|
seats. In most environments this is the X-Server. But if you want to
|
|
run kmscon together with the X-Server (or any other graphics server),
|
|
you need a mechanism to notify these servers when they are active.
|
|
This is done via VT APIs on seat0. But note that if the kernel is
|
|
compiled without CONFIG_VT (which controls whether VTs are available),
|
|
then even seat0 does not have VTs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>On seats without VTs we need a replacement API. However, a new
|
|
API would require modifying every application that uses the VT API to
|
|
also support the new replacement if you want to run it on those seats.
|
|
Therefore, kmscon provides a backwards-compatible API. It uses the
|
|
linux CUSE API to create VTs for all seats that have no VTs. You need
|
|
to pass <option>--cdev-session</option> to kmscon to enable this.
|
|
kmscon will then create one cdev (<emphasis>c</emphasis>haracter
|
|
<emphasis>dev</emphasis>ice) for each seat and calls it
|
|
<filename>/dev/ttyF{seatname}</filename> ('F' for 'fake'). This
|
|
character device provides the same API as a VT so your X-Server (or
|
|
even kmscon in default-mode) can use it instead of a real VT.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In contrast to real VTs, each application that opens this fake VT will
|
|
get a different VT assigned. So you can use multiple X-Servers all
|
|
opening <filename>/dev/ttyF{seatname}</filename> and they will each
|
|
show up as different kmscon session. But note that not all TTY ioctls
|
|
are available on fake VTs. kmscon only emulates the API that is
|
|
currently used by most VT users. If you want to run an application
|
|
that needs more functionality, please open a bug-report.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Switching VTs is done by signaling the active process to go asleep and
|
|
signaling the new VT to wake up. If kmscon emulates VTs, it needs to
|
|
be able to send these signals to the processes running on fake VTs. In
|
|
most situations this means kmscon must have root priviledges.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>kmscon.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>console</refentrytitle><manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry>
|