diff --git a/x/api/api.go b/x/api/api.go
index 2d7800e4..57ad9fd9 100644
--- a/x/api/api.go
+++ b/x/api/api.go
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func (s *Server) handlePush(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
 
 	// commit the manifest to the registry
 	requirements, err = c.Push(r.Context(), params.Name, man, &registry.PushParams{
-		Uploaded: uploads,
+		CompleteParts: uploads,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
diff --git a/x/registry/apitype/apitype.go b/x/registry/apitype/apitype.go
index de6f6152..19602868 100644
--- a/x/registry/apitype/apitype.go
+++ b/x/registry/apitype/apitype.go
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ type PushRequest struct {
 
 	// Parts is a list of upload parts that the client upload in the previous
 	// push.
-	Uploaded []CompletePart `json:"part_uploads"`
+	CompleteParts []CompletePart `json:"part_uploads"`
 }
 
 type Requirement struct {
diff --git a/x/registry/client.go b/x/registry/client.go
index 54d90bb5..2d77efe4 100644
--- a/x/registry/client.go
+++ b/x/registry/client.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func (c *Client) oclient() *ollama.Client {
 }
 
 type PushParams struct {
-	Uploaded []apitype.CompletePart
+	CompleteParts []apitype.CompletePart
 }
 
 // Push pushes a manifest to the server.
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ func (c *Client) Push(ctx context.Context, ref string, manifest []byte, p *PushP
 	p = cmp.Or(p, &PushParams{})
 	// TODO(bmizerany): backoff
 	v, err := ollama.Do[apitype.PushResponse](ctx, c.oclient(), "POST", "/v1/push", &apitype.PushRequest{
-		Ref:      ref,
-		Manifest: manifest,
-		Uploaded: p.Uploaded,
+		Ref:           ref,
+		Manifest:      manifest,
+		CompleteParts: p.CompleteParts,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/x/registry/server.go b/x/registry/server.go
index 884778ef..6c5d3b57 100644
--- a/x/registry/server.go
+++ b/x/registry/server.go
@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@ func (s *Server) handlePush(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
 	}
 
 	completePartsByUploadID := make(map[string]completeParts)
-	for _, pu := range pr.Uploaded {
+	for _, mcp := range pr.CompleteParts {
 		// parse the URL
-		u, err := url.Parse(pu.URL)
+		u, err := url.Parse(mcp.URL)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -117,8 +117,7 @@ func (s *Server) handlePush(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return oweb.Mistake("invalid", "url", "invalid or missing PartNumber")
 		}
-		etag := pu.ETag
-		if etag == "" {
+		if mcp.ETag == "" {
 			return oweb.Mistake("invalid", "etag", "missing")
 		}
 		cp, ok := completePartsByUploadID[uploadID]
@@ -128,7 +127,7 @@ func (s *Server) handlePush(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
 		}
 		cp.parts = append(cp.parts, minio.CompletePart{
 			PartNumber: partNumber,
-			ETag:       etag,
+			ETag:       mcp.ETag,
 		})
 		completePartsByUploadID[uploadID] = cp
 	}
diff --git a/x/registry/server_test.go b/x/registry/server_test.go
index 3dbae41f..faf50445 100644
--- a/x/registry/server_test.go
+++ b/x/registry/server_test.go
@@ -28,15 +28,22 @@ import (
 	"kr.dev/diff"
 )
 
-func testPush(t *testing.T, chunkSize int64) {
-	t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("chunkSize=%d", chunkSize), func(t *testing.T) {
-		mc := startMinio(t, true)
+func TestPushBasic(t *testing.T) {
+	const MB = 1024 * 1024
 
-		const MB = 1024 * 1024
+	mc := startMinio(t, true)
 
-		// Upload two small layers and one large layer that will
-		// trigger a multipart upload.
-		manifest := []byte(`{
+	defer func() {
+		mcc := &minio.Core{Client: mc}
+		// fail if there are any incomplete uploads
+		for x := range mcc.ListIncompleteUploads(context.Background(), "test", "theKey", true) {
+			t.Errorf("incomplete: %v", x)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Upload two small layers and one large layer that will
+	// trigger a multipart upload.
+	manifest := []byte(`{
 			"layers": [
 				{"digest": "sha256-1", "size": 1},
 				{"digest": "sha256-2", "size": 2},
@@ -44,106 +51,100 @@ func testPush(t *testing.T, chunkSize int64) {
 			]
 		}`)
 
-		const ref = "registry.ollama.ai/x/y:latest+Z"
+	const ref = "registry.ollama.ai/x/y:latest+Z"
 
-		hs := httptest.NewServer(&Server{
-			minioClient:     mc,
-			UploadChunkSize: 5 * MB,
-		})
-		t.Cleanup(hs.Close)
-		c := &Client{BaseURL: hs.URL}
+	hs := httptest.NewServer(&Server{
+		minioClient:     mc,
+		UploadChunkSize: 5 * MB,
+	})
+	t.Cleanup(hs.Close)
+	c := &Client{BaseURL: hs.URL}
 
-		requirements, err := c.Push(context.Background(), ref, manifest, nil)
+	requirements, err := c.Push(context.Background(), ref, manifest, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if len(requirements) < 3 {
+		t.Errorf("expected at least 3 requirements; got %d", len(requirements))
+		t.Logf("requirements: %v", requirements)
+	}
+
+	var uploaded []apitype.CompletePart
+	for i, r := range requirements {
+		t.Logf("[%d] pushing layer: offset=%d size=%d", i, r.Offset, r.Size)
+
+		cp, err := PushLayer(context.Background(), &abcReader{}, r.URL, r.Offset, r.Size)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
+		uploaded = append(uploaded, cp)
+	}
 
-		if len(requirements) < 3 {
-			t.Fatalf("expected at least 3 requirements; got %d", len(requirements))
-			t.Logf("requirements: %v", requirements)
-		}
+	requirements, err = c.Push(context.Background(), ref, manifest, &PushParams{
+		CompleteParts: uploaded,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(requirements) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected requirements: %v", requirements)
+	}
 
-		var uploaded []apitype.CompletePart
-		for i, r := range requirements {
-			t.Logf("[%d] pushing layer: offset=%d size=%d", i, r.Offset, r.Size)
+	var paths []string
+	keys := mc.ListObjects(context.Background(), "test", minio.ListObjectsOptions{
+		Recursive: true,
+	})
+	for k := range keys {
+		paths = append(paths, k.Key)
+	}
 
-			cp, err := PushLayer(context.Background(), &abcReader{}, r.URL, r.Offset, r.Size)
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			uploaded = append(uploaded, cp)
-		}
+	t.Logf("paths: %v", paths)
 
-		requirements, err = c.Push(context.Background(), ref, manifest, &PushParams{
-			Uploaded: uploaded,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		if len(requirements) != 0 {
-			t.Fatalf("unexpected requirements: %v", requirements)
-		}
+	diff.Test(t, t.Errorf, paths, []string{
+		"blobs/sha256-1",
+		"blobs/sha256-2",
+		"blobs/sha256-3",
+		"manifests/registry.ollama.ai/x/y/latest/Z",
+	})
 
-		var paths []string
-		keys := mc.ListObjects(context.Background(), "test", minio.ListObjectsOptions{
-			Recursive: true,
-		})
-		for k := range keys {
-			paths = append(paths, k.Key)
-		}
+	obj, err := mc.GetObject(context.Background(), "test", "manifests/registry.ollama.ai/x/y/latest/Z", minio.GetObjectOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer obj.Close()
 
-		t.Logf("paths: %v", paths)
+	var gotM apitype.Manifest
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(obj).Decode(&gotM); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 
-		diff.Test(t, t.Errorf, paths, []string{
-			"blobs/sha256-1",
-			"blobs/sha256-2",
-			"blobs/sha256-3",
-			"manifests/registry.ollama.ai/x/y/latest/Z",
-		})
+	diff.Test(t, t.Errorf, gotM, apitype.Manifest{
+		Layers: []apitype.Layer{
+			{Digest: "sha256-1", Size: 1},
+			{Digest: "sha256-2", Size: 2},
+			{Digest: "sha256-3", Size: 3},
+		},
+	})
 
-		obj, err := mc.GetObject(context.Background(), "test", "manifests/registry.ollama.ai/x/y/latest/Z", minio.GetObjectOptions{})
+	// checksum the blobs
+	for i, l := range gotM.Layers {
+		obj, err := mc.GetObject(context.Background(), "test", "blobs/"+l.Digest, minio.GetObjectOptions{})
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		defer obj.Close()
 
-		var gotM apitype.Manifest
-		if err := json.NewDecoder(obj).Decode(&gotM); err != nil {
+		info, err := obj.Stat()
+		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
+		t.Logf("[%d] layer info: name=%q l.Size=%d size=%d", i, info.Key, l.Size, info.Size)
 
-		diff.Test(t, t.Errorf, gotM, apitype.Manifest{
-			Layers: []apitype.Layer{
-				{Digest: "sha256-1", Size: 1},
-				{Digest: "sha256-2", Size: 2},
-				{Digest: "sha256-3", Size: 3},
-			},
-		})
-
-		// checksum the blobs
-		for i, l := range gotM.Layers {
-			obj, err := mc.GetObject(context.Background(), "test", "blobs/"+l.Digest, minio.GetObjectOptions{})
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			defer obj.Close()
-
-			info, err := obj.Stat()
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			t.Logf("[%d] layer info: name=%q l.Size=%d size=%d", i, info.Key, l.Size, info.Size)
-
-			if msg := checkABCs(obj, int(l.Size)); msg != "" {
-				t.Errorf("[%d] %s", i, msg)
-			}
+		if msg := checkABCs(obj, int(l.Size)); msg != "" {
+			t.Errorf("[%d] %s", i, msg)
 		}
-	})
-}
-
-func TestPush(t *testing.T) {
-	testPush(t, 0)
-	testPush(t, 1)
+	}
 }
 
 // TestBasicPresignS3MultipartReferenceDoNotDelete tests the basic flow of
@@ -318,9 +319,11 @@ func startMinio(t *testing.T, trace bool) *minio.Client {
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("startMinio: %v", err)
 		}
-		if mc.IsOnline() {
+		// try list buckets to see if server is up
+		if _, err := mc.ListBuckets(ctx); err == nil {
 			break
 		}
+		t.Logf("startMinio: server is offline; retrying")
 	}
 
 	if trace {